Cognitive therapy is a psychological therapy that assumes that faulty thought patterns called cognitive patterns cause maladaptive behaviour and emotional responses. Assumptions – It is a theory that holds that a person’s cognitive functions and beliefs influence or mediate his or her affect (emotion) and…
Use of the environment or residential settings as a training ground for patients to participate in social, interpersonal and functional skills and to test their ability to deal with problems commonly encountered in the community. The therapeutic environment of the inpatient wards is called the…
Assumptions – Learning is the basis of all behaviour. Learning is always about internal behaviour and it leads either to more effective behaviour, known as adaptive behaviour or to maladaptive behaviours. It is billed as an experimental investigation that employs cognitive, social, and condition learning…
Definition A psychodynamic explains how mental processes, such as perception, thoughts, and feelings that are conscious and unconscious, influence the choice of participation in and satisfaction with an occupation. Theoretical base It is based on Freud’s psychoanalytic theories. The three major areas of concern are…
Insight Therapy Insight medical care may be a style of treatment during which an expert works with a patient to assist them to perceive however their beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and experiences from their past impact their present state of mind. Believe it or not, insight…
There are three types of dislocation of the shoulder:- Anterior – commonest Posterior Luxatio erecta 1. Anterior Dislocation- In this dislocation, the head of the humerus comes out of the glenoid cavity and lies anteriorly. Mode of injury: falling on an outstretched hand with the…
Adults are more likely than children to sustain a shaft humerus fracture. It can appear in any age group. Transverse, oblique, spiral, comminuted, or segmental humerus fractures are all possible. Mechanism of injury Three important mechanisms:- Direct force/direct injuries:This may produce a transverse or comminuted…
– Clavicle fracture is one of the commonest injuries seen at all ages. – It is commonly fractured at the junction of its middle and lateral third. – Mode of injury:- fall on an outstretched hand. Classification:- (A). Craig’s Classification:- Group I:- Fracture of the…
The commonest fracture in children. Mode of injury:-Caused by a fall on an outstretched hand, the elbow is forced into hyperextension, resulting in the fracture of the humerus above the condyles. Types:- 1. Extension type – the distal fragment is displaced posteriorly. It is the…